Wright v. Rockefeller について

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Wright v. Rockefeller ：ウィキペディア英語版

Wright v. Rockefeller

''Wright v. Rockefeller'', 376 U.S. 52 (1964),〔. Full text of the opinion courtesy of Findlaw.com.〕 was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that in cases involving allegations of improper racial gerrymandering, where the evidence was "equally, or more, persuasive" that racial considerations had not motivated the State Legislature, the Court will give deference to the findings of the District Court.
== Factual and Procedural Background ==

Appellants, a group of citizens and registered voters in the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congressional Districts in Manhattan brought suit against New York state officials, including then Governor Nelson Rockefeller, in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York challenging the constitutionality of the portion of New York's 1961 congressional apportionment statute which defined the four districts.〔376 U.S. at 53〕 The District Court permitted Congressman Adam Clayton Powell, who represented the Eighteenth District, along with several other New York County officials, to intervene as defendants supporting the constitutionality of the statute.〔 The appellants claimed that apportionment statute deprived them of rights guaranteed by the Due Process and Equal protection portions of the Fourteenth Amendment and by the Fifteenth Amendment, which prohibit the government from denying or abridging the right to vote on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.〔 Specifically, they claimed that the statute "establish() irrational, discriminatory and unequal Congressional Districts in the County of New York and segregat() eligible voters by race and place of origin."〔
The case was heard by a three judge panel of the District Court. Appellants presented maps, statistics, and other evidence demonstrating that African-Americans and Puerto Ricans comprised 86.3 per cent of the Eighteenth District, 28.5 per cent of the Nineteenth District, 27.5 per cent of the Twentieth District, but only 5.1 per cent of the Seventeenth District.〔376 U.S. at 54〕 A majority of the District Court panel found that appellants had not made out their case.〔376 U.S. at 55〕 One judge concluded that "no proof was offered by any party that the specific boundaries created by (statute ) were drawn on racial lines or that the Legislature was motivated by considerations of race, creed or country or origin in creating the districts."〔 One judge dissented, viewing the evidence as "tantamount for all practical purposes, to a mathematical demonstration" that the legislation was "solely concerned with segregating" white voters from non-whites.〔376 U.S. at 57〕

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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